Behavior

Such a Port is called a behavior Port. If there is no Behavior defined for this EncapsulatedClassifier, any communication arriving at a behavior Port is lost.

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A Port has the ability, by setting the property isBehavior to true, to specify that any requests arriving at this Port are handled by the Behavior of the instance of the owning EncapsulatedClassifier, rather than being forwarded to any contained instances

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Blocks may also specify operations or other features that describe the behavior of a system

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Each block defines a collection of features to describe a system or other element of interest. These may include both structural and behavioral features, such as properties and operations, to represent the state of the system and behavior ...

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Viewpoint::/method : Behavior [0..*] The behavior is derived from the method of the operation with the Create stereotype. (derived)

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Allocation via swimlanes in definition allocation mode - DOs and DON'Ts

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15:01: The Allocate relationship and functional analysis

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Allocation via swimlanes in usage allocation mode - DOs and DON'Ts

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15:01: The Allocate relationship and functional analysis

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TRAIL: Webel's ultimate guide to Systems Modeling Language (v1) with MagicDraw/Cameo

Allocation of a CallBehaviorActionAction to a PartProperty via an AllocateActivityPartition "swimlane"

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15:01: The Allocate relationship and functional analysis

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TRAIL: Webel's ultimate guide to Systems Modeling Language (v1) with MagicDraw/Cameo

Functional allocation of a CallBehaviorAction (usage level) in an Activity Diagram to elements in a BDD

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15:01: The Allocate relationship and functional analysis

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TRAIL: Webel's ultimate guide to Systems Modeling Language (v1) with MagicDraw/Cameo

Functional allocation of an Activity (definition level) in a BDD with callouts

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A UseCase may be owned either by a Package or by a Classifier. Although the owning Classifier typically represents a subject to which the owned UseCases apply, this is not necessarily the case ...

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Two UseCases specifying the same subject cannot be associated as each of them individually describes a complete usage of the subject.

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UseCases may have associated Actors, which describe how an instance of the Classifier realizing the UseCase and a user playing one of the roles of the Actor interact.

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It may also be described indirectly through a Collaboration that uses the UseCase and its Actors as the Classifiers that type its parts.

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The behaviors of a UseCase can be described by a set of Behaviors (through its ownedBehavior relationship), such as Interactions, Activities, and StateMachines, as well as by pre-conditions, post-conditions and natural language text where appropriate.

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It is deemed complete if, after its execution, the subject will be in a state in which no further inputs or actions are expected and the UseCase can be initiated again, or in an error state.

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Each UseCase specifies a unit of useful functionality that the subject provides to its users (i.e., a specific way of interacting with the subject). This functionality must always be completed for the UseCase to complete.

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A subject of a UseCase could be a system or any other element that may have behavior, such as a Component or Class.

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A UseCase can include possible variations of its basic behavior, including exceptional behavior and error handling.

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UseCases define the offered Behaviors of the subject without reference to its internal structure. These Behaviors, involving interactions between the Actors and the subject, may result in changes to the state of the subject and communications with its...

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A UseCase is a kind of BehavioredClassifier that represents a declaration of a set of offered Behaviors. Each UseCase specifies some behavior that a subject can perform in collaboration with one or more Actors.

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A UseCase may apply to any number of subjects. When a UseCase applies to a subject, it specifies a set of behaviors performed by that subject, which yields an observable result that is of value for Actors or other stakeholders of the subject.

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«functionalRequirement»: satisfied by an operation or behavior

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The name of a «testCase» Behavior may be verbose and may use natural language, but should always start with a Capital letter.

TestCase and Verify metamodel

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16:01: Requirements engineering in SysML

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UML Profile Diagram

Full ports specify a separate element of the system from the owning block or its internal parts. They might have their own internal parts and behaviors to support interaction with the owning block, its internal parts, or external blocks.

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Proxy ports do not specify their own behaviors or internal parts, and shall be typed by interface blocks. Their nested ports shall also be proxy ports.

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TRAIL: The SysML-1.6 Hybrid SUV sample and specification diagrams in MagicDraw/Cameo (with annotations) [UNDERGOING UPDATE to SysML1.7]

Figure 16-1: Abstract Syntax for Requirements Stereotypes

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Section: SysML-1.6 specification diagrams: 16 Requirements

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UML Profile Diagram

AVOID "mixed" functional (behavioral) allocation levels! DO NOT Allocate from Usage level (Action) to Definition level (Block) or from Definition level (Activity) to usage level (part Property) - even if formally permitted in SysML.

The allocation to Activity6 comes from a nested part, and uses the attributes of DirectedRelationshipPropertyPath to specify the path of properties to reach that part. The sourceContext of the allocation is Block4 and the sourcePropertyPath is (Part5).

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TRAIL: The SysML-1.6 Hybrid SUV sample and specification diagrams in MagicDraw/Cameo (with annotations) [UNDERGOING UPDATE to SysML1.7]

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The Driving behavior outputs a brake pressure continuously to the Braking behavior while both are executing, as indicated by the «continuous» rate and streaming properties (streaming is a characteristic of UML behavior parameters that supports ...

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Turning the key on starts two behaviors, Driving and Braking. These behaviors execute until the key is turned off, using streaming parameters to communicate with other behaviors.

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TRAIL: The SysML-1.6 Hybrid SUV sample and specification diagrams in MagicDraw/Cameo (with annotations) [UNDERGOING UPDATE to SysML1.7]

Figure 11-8: Abstract Syntax for SysML Activity Extensions

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Section: SysML-1.6 specification diagrams: 11 Activities

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UML Profile Diagram

Figure 11-3: CallBehaviorAction notation with action name

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Section: SysML-1.6 specification diagrams: 11 Activities

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CallBehaviorActions in activity diagrams may optionally show the action name with the name of the invoked behavior using the colon notation shown in Figure 11-3.

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Stereotypes applied to behaviors may appear on the notation for CallBehaviorAction when invoking those behaviors, as shown in Figure 11-2.

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TRAIL: The SysML-1.6 Hybrid SUV sample and specification diagrams in MagicDraw/Cameo (with annotations) [UNDERGOING UPDATE to SysML1.7]

Figure 11-2: CallBehaviorAction notation with behavior stereotype

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Section: SysML-1.6 specification diagrams: 11 Activities

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MagicDraw/Cameo: For the "rake" symbol to show on a CallBehaviorAction typed by a Behavior you must have the Show Rake Icon display option on AND the Behavior must have a Diagram (such as an Activity Diagram)

Streaming is a characteristic of UML behavior parameters that supports the input and output of items while a behavior is executing, rather than only when the behavior starts and stops. The flow may be continuous or discrete ...

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Rate ... When the stereotype is applied to a parameter, the parameter shall be streaming, and the stereotype gives the number of objects or values that flow in or out of the parameter per time interval while the behavior or operation is executing.

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One or more result values may be posted to a streaming output Parameter any time after the invocation of a Behavior up to or at its completion. These result values are then available to affect the further course of the execution of the invoking Behavior..

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If an output Parameter is streaming, then a Behavior execution may provide result values for the Parameter during its course rather than just at completion.

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One or more argument values may be posted to a streaming input Parameter at or any time after the invocation of a Behavior and before its completion. These argument values are then available to affect the further course of the Behavior execution ...

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If an input Parameter is streaming, then argument values may be provided for the Parameter during the course of a Behavior execution rather than just at invocation.

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Parameters may also be marked as streaming (i.e., have the isStreaming property be true). Such Parameters allow values to be passed into and out of a Behavior execution any time during its course, rather than just on invocation and completion.

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TRAIL: The SysML-1.6 Hybrid SUV sample and specification diagrams in MagicDraw/Cameo (with annotations) [UNDERGOING UPDATE to SysML1.7]

Figure D.36 - Behavior Model for “Accelerate” Function (Activity Diagram) {EXPLICIT PINS}

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Section: SysML-1.6: HSUV sample

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Prefer the Name Display Mode 'both' on CallBehaviorAction symbols (rather than 'Show Action Name', 'Show Behavior Name', or 'Show Both or Behavior Name')

The stereotypes on the object nodes between actions in the figure apply to parameters of the behaviors or operations called by the actions (see the notation for object nodes described in 11.3.1.4, ObjectNode, Variables, and Parameters).

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It is the intent of the systems engineer in this example to allocate this behavior to parts of the PowerSubsystem. It is quickly found, however, that the behavior as depicted cannot be allocated, and must be further decomposed.

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Figure D.36 shows the top level behavior of an activity representing acceleration of the HSUV.

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TRAIL: The SysML-1.6 Hybrid SUV sample and specification diagrams in MagicDraw/Cameo (with annotations) [UNDERGOING UPDATE to SysML1.7]

Figure D.36 - Behavior Model for “Accelerate” Function (Activity Diagram) {ELIDED PINS}

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Section: SysML-1.6: HSUV sample

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In addition, behavior allocation may also include the allocation of Behaviors to BehavioralFeatures of Blocks (e.g., Operations).

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It is acknowledged that this concept does not support a standard object-oriented paradigm, not[r] is this always even desirable. Experience on large scale, complex systems engineering problems have proven, however, that segregation of form and function...

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Behavior allocation relates to the systems engineering concept segregating form from function. This concept requires independent models of "function" (behavior) and "form" (structure), and a separate, deliberate mapping between elements in each of these..

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A decisionInput Behavior has no out parameters, no inout parameters, and one return parameter.

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incoming_control_one_input_parameter If the DecisionNode has a decisionInputFlow and an incoming ControlFlow, then any decisionInput Behavior has one in Parameter ...

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zero_input_parameters If the DecisionNode has no decisionInputFlow and an incoming ControlFlow, then any decisionInput Behavior has no in parameters.

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decisionInput : Behavior [0..1] ... A Behavior that is executed to provide an input to guard ValueSpecifications on ActivityEdges outgoing from the DecisionNode.

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Pins for control parameters are regular pins, not UML control pins. This is so the control value can be passed into or out of the action and the invoked behavior, rather than control the starting of the action, or indicating the ending of it.

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The control value inputs do not enable or disable the control operator execution based on their value, they only enable based on their presence as data.

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When the «controlOperator» stereotype is not applied, the behavior may not have a parameter typed by ControlValue.

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When the «controlOperator» stereotype is applied to behaviors, the behavior takes control values as inputs or provides them as outputs, that is, it treats control as data

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A control operator is a behavior that is intended to represent an arbitrarily complex logical operator that can be used to enable and disable other actions. ... The «controlOperator» stereotype also applies to operations with the same semantics.

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ObjectNodes may specify an inState set of States

TRAIL: UML Behavior: Activities and Actions

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A Trigger specifies a specific point at which an Event occurrence may trigger an effect in a Behavior.

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The selection and transformation Behaviors on outgoing ObjectFlows can be used to get information out of a DataStoreNode as if a query were being performed.

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An inout Parameter shall be associated with at most one input ActivityParameterNode and at most one output ActivityParameterNode.

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An in Parameter shall not be associated with an output ActivityParameterNode and an out or return Parameter shall not be associated with an input ActivityParameterNode (though either may be associated with an ActivityParameterNode that does not have ..

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An Activity shall have one ActivityParameterNode corresponding to each in, out, or return Parameter and two ActivityParameterNodes for each inout Parameter.

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(Note that whether an ActivityParameterNode is for input or output is not determined until at least one ActivityEdge is connected to it.)

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An ActivityParameterNode shall have either all incoming or all outgoing ActivityEdges. An ActivityParameterNode with outgoing edges is an input ActivityParameterNode, while an ActivityParameterNode with incoming edges is an output ActivityParameterNode.

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Each ActivityParameterNode is associated with one Parameter of the Activity that owns the node. The type of an ActivityParameterNode shall be the same as the type of its associated Parameter.

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Within an Activity, inputs to and outputs from an Activity are handled using ActivityParameterNodes.

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When the Activity is invoked, values may be passed into the Activity execution on input Parameters (i.e., those with direction in or inout) and values may be passed out .. on output Parameters (i.e., those with direction inout, out or return).

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15.4.3.2 Activity Parameter Nodes - As a kind of Behavior, an Activity may have Parameters

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HOWTO simulate UML-2.5.1 'Figure 14.7 Composite State with two States' in Cameo Simulation Toolkit - Operation-driven Transition case study

Prefer 'UpperCamelCase' (a.k.a. PascalCase) names for Behaviors such as Activities intended for use in CallBehaviorActions, or at least use a 'Capital first letter'; avoid 'all lower case' (as it leads to confusion with lower case Action names)

The WhenValid Activity as effect Behavior

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The type, ordering, and multiplicity of the argument and result pins of a CallAction shall be the same as the corresponding Parameters.

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The argument Pins of a CallAction are matched, in order, to the sublist of input Parameters, while the result Pins are matched, in order, to the sublist of output Parameters.

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Behaviors and Operations have totally ordered lists of owned Parameters, and these Parameters are matched to Pins on a CallAction using that ordering.

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If the input object is an instantiated Behavior that is not already executing, then it begins executing. If the input object has a classifierBehavior that is not already executing, then it is instantiated and started. In either case ...

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A StartObjectBehaviorAction is a CallAction that starts the execution either of a directly instantiated Behavior or of the classifierBehavior of an object. The object to be started is taken from the object InputPin.

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A CallBehaviorAction is a CallAction that invokes a Behavior directly, rather than calling a BehavioralFeature that, in turn, results in the invocation of a Behavior.

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A CallAction is an InvocationAction that calls a Behavior or an Operation. There are three kinds of CallActions

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If a matching Event occurrence for an AcceptEventAction is dispatched from the event pool, then the AcceptEventAction is enabled to continue. However, if the containing Behavior execution has more than one waiting Trigger that matches ...

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The context object for an AcceptEventAction is the context object of the Behavior execution within which the AcceptEventAction is executing (which may be the Behavior execution itself ...)

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HOWTO simulate UML-2.5.1 'Figure 14.7 Composite State with two States' in Cameo Simulation Toolkit - Operation-driven Transition case study

CatchDialN: Activity with AcceptEventAction for a SignalEvent and a CallBehaviorAction

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UML Activity Diagram

Activity: DialN(n:int)

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An OpaqueExpression specifies the computation of a set of values either in terms of a UML Behavior or based on a textual statement in a language other than UML.

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terminate – Entering a terminate Pseudostate implies that the execution of the StateMachine is terminated immediately. The StateMachine does not exit any States nor does it perform any exit Behaviors. Any executing doActivity Behaviors are ... aborted

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exitPoint – ... If multiple Transitions from orthogonal Regions within the State terminate on this Pseudostate, then it acts like a join Pseudostate.

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Transitions terminating on an exit point within any Region of the composite State or a StateMachine referenced by a submachine State implies exiting of this composite State or submachine State (with execution of its associated exit Behavior).

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entryPoint – ... NOTE. If the owning State has an associated entry Behavior, this Behavior is executed before any behavior associated with the outgoing Transition.

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Consequently, choice is used to realize a dynamic conditional branch. It allows splitting of compound transitions into multiple alternative paths such that the decision on which path to take may depend on the results of Behavior executions performed ...

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14.2.3.6 FinalState: FinalState is a special kind of State signifying that the enclosing Region has completed. Thus, a Transition to a FinalState represents the completion of the behaviors of the Region containing the FinalState.

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However, whereas encapsulated composite States and their internals are contained within the StateMachine in which they are defined, submachines are, like programming language macros, distinct Behavior specification ...

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NOTE. Operation referenced in the CallEvent of an AcceptCallAction should not have an associated method Behavior. Otherwise, a call to the Operation will have the immediate effect of executing the method and will not be placed into the event pool ...

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