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A real image occurs where rays converge, whereas a virtual image occurs where rays only appear to diverge.

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Optics: real images vs virtual images and focus points
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In ray diagrams ... real rays of light are always represented by full, solid lines; perceived or extrapolated rays of light are represented by dashed lines.
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A real image occurs where rays converge, whereas a virtual image occurs where rays only appear to diverge.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_image
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In optics, an image is defined as the collection of focus points of light rays coming from an object.
A real image is the collection of focus points actually made by converging rays, while a virtual image is the collection of focus points made by extensions of diverging rays.
a virtual image is found by tracing real rays that emerge from an optical device (lens, mirror, or some combination) backward to perceived or apparent origins of ray divergences.
In diagrams of optical systems, virtual rays are conventionally represented by dotted lines.
Because the rays never really converge, a virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen. In contrast, a real image can be projected on the screen as it is formed by rays that converge on a real location.
A diverging lens (one that is thicker at the edges than the middle) or a convex mirror forms a virtual image. Such an image is reduced in size when compared to the original object.
A converging lens (one that is thicker in the middle than at the edges) or a concave mirror is also capable of producing a virtual image if the object is within the focal length. Such an image will be magnified.
A real image ... is an image which is located in the plane of convergence for the light rays that originate from a given object.
In ray diagrams ... real rays of light are always represented by full, solid lines; perceived or extrapolated rays of light are represented by dashed lines.
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